Among the coimpounds, `BF_(3), NH_(3), H_(2)O,SF_(4)and BeCl_(2)`, identify the ones in which the central atom has the same type of hybridization.

Options

A. `BF_(3)and NCl_(3)`
B. `NH_(3)and H_(2)O`
C. `BF_(3), NCl _(3) and H_(2)O`
D. `SF_(4)and BeCl_(2)`

Answer

To determine which compounds among BF3, NH3, H2O, SF4, and BeCl2 have the same type of hybridization for their central atom, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the central atom and its valence electrons
- **BF3**: Central atom is Boron (B) with 3 valence electrons.
- **NH3**: Central atom is Nitrogen (N) with 5 valence electrons.
- **H2O**: Central atom is Oxygen (O) with 6 valence electrons.
- **SF4**: Central atom is Sulfur (S) with 6 valence electrons.
- **BeCl2**: Central atom is Beryllium (Be) with 2 valence electrons.

### Step 2: Count the number of monovalent atoms attached to the central atom
- **BF3**: 3 monovalent fluorine (F) atoms.
- **NH3**: 3 monovalent hydrogen (H) atoms.
- **H2O**: 2 monovalent hydrogen (H) atoms.
- **SF4**: 4 monovalent fluorine (F) atoms.
- **BeCl2**: 2 monovalent chlorine (Cl) atoms.

### Step 3: Calculate the steric number using the formula
The formula for calculating the steric number (SN) is:
\[ \text{SN} = \frac{1}{2} \left( V + M + C - A \right) \]
Where:
- \( V \) = number of valence electrons of the central atom
- \( M \) = number of monovalent atoms attached
- \( C \) = charge (0 for neutral molecules)
- \( A \) = charge of cation (0 for neutral molecules)

#### Calculations:
1. **BF3**:
\[ \text{SN} = \frac{1}{2} (3 + 3 + 0) = \frac{6}{2} = 3 \]
- Hybridization: sp²

2. **NH3**:
\[ \text{SN} = \frac{1}{2} (5 + 3 + 0) = \frac{8}{2} = 4 \]
- Hybridization: sp³

3. **H2O**:
\[ \text{SN} = \frac{1}{2} (6 + 2 + 0) = \frac{8}{2} = 4 \]
- Hybridization: sp³

4. **SF4**:
\[ \text{SN} = \frac{1}{2} (6 + 4 + 0) = \frac{10}{2} = 5 \]
- Hybridization: sp³d

5. **BeCl2**:
\[ \text{SN} = \frac{1}{2} (2 + 2 + 0) = \frac{4}{2} = 2 \]
- Hybridization: sp

### Step 4: Compare the hybridizations
- **BF3**: sp²
- **NH3**: sp³
- **H2O**: sp³
- **SF4**: sp³d
- **BeCl2**: sp

### Conclusion
The compounds NH3 and H2O have the same hybridization type, which is sp³.