Which of the following gives benzoic acid on oxidation `:`

Options

A. Chlorophenol
B. Chlorotoluene
C. Chlorobenzene
D. Benzyl chloride

Answer

To determine which compound gives benzoic acid upon oxidation, we need to analyze the options provided. The correct answer is benzyl chloride. Let's go through the steps to understand why this is the case.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Compounds**: We need to analyze the given options to see which one can be oxidized to form benzoic acid. The options include benzyl chloride, chlorophenol, chlorotoluene, and chlorobenzene.

2. **Understanding Benzyl Chloride**: Benzyl chloride (C6H5CH2Cl) consists of a benzene ring (C6H5) attached to a CH2 group, which is further attached to a chlorine atom (Cl).

3. **Oxidation Process**: To convert benzyl chloride to benzoic acid, we need to perform oxidation. A strong oxidizing agent like potassium permanganate (KMnO4) can be used for this purpose.

4. **Conversion of Benzyl Chloride to Benzyl Alcohol**: Before oxidation, we can convert the chlorine atom in benzyl chloride to a hydroxyl group (OH) using a base like sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). This results in benzyl alcohol (C6H5CH2OH).

5. **Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol**: Next, we oxidize benzyl alcohol using KMnO4. The oxidation process will convert the CH2OH group into a carboxylic acid group (COOH), resulting in the formation of sodium benzoate (C6H5COONa).

6. **Formation of Benzoic Acid**: Finally, to obtain benzoic acid from sodium benzoate, we can treat it with hydrochloric acid (HCl). This will replace the sodium ion (Na+) with a hydrogen ion (H+), yielding benzoic acid (C6H5COOH).

7. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the compound that gives benzoic acid upon oxidation is benzyl chloride (option D).

### Final Answer:
**The correct answer is benzyl chloride (option D).**

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