When propanamide is reacted with `Br_(2)` and NaOH, the product formed is :

Options

A. Ethyl acohol
B. Propyl alcohol
C. Propyl amine
D. Ethylamine

Answer

To determine the product formed when propanamide is reacted with Br₂ and NaOH, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reaction
The reaction of propanamide with Br₂ and NaOH is known as the Hofmann bromamide reaction. This reaction involves the degradation of an amide to form a primary amine, reducing the carbon chain by one carbon atom.

**Hint:** Recall that the Hofmann bromamide reaction is a method for converting amides into primary amines while losing one carbon atom.

### Step 2: Structure of Propanamide
Propanamide has the structure CH₃-CH₂-CO-NH₂. It consists of three carbon atoms (propane) and an amide functional group (CONH₂).

**Hint:** Draw the structure of propanamide to visualize how the carbon atoms and functional groups are arranged.

### Step 3: Reaction Mechanism
When propanamide reacts with Br₂ and NaOH, the carbonyl carbon (C=O) of the amide is oxidized, and the nitrogen atom (N) is brominated. This leads to the formation of a primary amine and the loss of one carbon atom.

**Hint:** Focus on the carbonyl carbon in the amide; this is the carbon that will be reduced in the reaction.

### Step 4: Formation of the Product
After the reaction, the product formed is ethylamine (C₂H₅NH₂). This is because the original three-carbon chain (propanamide) loses one carbon atom during the reaction, resulting in a two-carbon chain.

**Hint:** Remember that the product will have one less carbon than the original amide due to the degradation process.

### Step 5: By-products of the Reaction
In addition to ethylamine, the reaction also produces sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), sodium bromide (NaBr), and water (H₂O) as by-products.

**Hint:** Consider what by-products are typically formed in reactions involving halogens and bases.

### Final Answer
The product formed when propanamide is reacted with Br₂ and NaOH is **ethylamine (C₂H₅NH₂)**.