Carbylamine reaction is given by

Options

A. `1^(@)C` amine
B. `3^(@)` amine
C. `2^(@)` amine
D. quarternary salts

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Carbylamine Reaction**:
The carbylamine reaction is a chemical test used to identify primary amines. It involves the reaction of a primary amine with chloroform (CHCl3) in the presence of a base, typically potassium hydroxide (KOH).

2. **Chemical Equation**:
The general reaction can be represented as:
\[ RNH_2 + CHCl_3 + 3KOH \rightarrow RNC + 3KCl + 3H_2O \]
Here, \( RNH_2 \) represents the primary amine, \( RNC \) is the isocyanide (carbylamine), and \( KCl \) and \( H_2O \) are the by-products.

3. **Identifying the Reactants**:
- **Primary Amines**: The reaction occurs specifically with primary amines, which have the structure \( RNH_2 \).
- **Chloroform**: This is the source of the carbon atom that will be incorporated into the isocyanide.
- **Base (KOH)**: The base is necessary to deprotonate the amine and facilitate the reaction.

4. **Outcome of the Reaction**:
The successful reaction will yield an isocyanide, which can be identified by its characteristic foul odor. This is a key indicator that the carbylamine test is positive.

5. **Conclusion**:
Only primary amines can give a positive carbylamine reaction. Secondary and tertiary amines do not react in this way and thus do not produce isocyanides.

### Final Answer:
The carbylamine reaction is given by the equation:
\[ RNH_2 + CHCl_3 + 3KOH \rightarrow RNC + 3KCl + 3H_2O \]
where \( R \) is an alkyl or aryl group.

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