Nitrobenzene gives N-phenylhydroxylamine by

Options

A. Sn/HCl
B. `H_(2)//Pd-C`
C. Zn/NaOH
D. `Zn//NH_(4)Cl`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the conversion of nitrobenzene to N-phenylhydroxylamine, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
- The reactant in this case is **nitrobenzene** (C6H5NO2), which contains a nitro group (-NO2) attached to a benzene ring.

### Step 2: Identify the Reagents
- The reagents needed for this conversion are **zinc (Zn)** and **ammonium chloride (NH4Cl)**. These reagents are commonly used in reduction reactions.

### Step 3: Understand the Reaction Type
- The reaction is a **reduction** process where the nitro group (-NO2) in nitrobenzene is reduced to an amine (-NH2) group. However, in this specific case, the intermediate product formed is **N-phenylhydroxylamine** (C6H5NHOH).

### Step 4: Write the Reaction
- The overall reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{C6H5NO2} + \text{Zn} + \text{NH4Cl} \rightarrow \text{C6H5NHOH} + \text{by-products} \]
- Here, nitrobenzene is reduced to N-phenylhydroxylamine in the presence of zinc and ammonium chloride.

### Step 5: Conclusion
- Thus, the correct answer to the question is that nitrobenzene gives N-phenylhydroxylamine in the presence of zinc and ammonium chloride.

### Final Answer
- The correct option is **D**.