Oral contraceptive pill is composed of :

Options

A. oestrogen and progesterone
B. oestrogen and testosterone
C. progesterone and testosterone
D. oestrogen and growth hormone

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCPs)**:
- Oral contraceptive pills are medications taken by females to prevent pregnancy. They work primarily by inhibiting ovulation, which is the release of an egg from the ovaries.

2. **Mechanism of Action**:
- OCPs prevent fertilization by:
- Inhibiting ovulation during the menstrual cycle.
- Altering the quality of cervical mucus to make it less permeable to sperm.
- Inhibiting implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine lining.

3. **Composition of OCPs**:
- Oral contraceptive pills typically contain hormones. The main components are:
- **Progesterone**: A hormone that plays a key role in regulating ovulation and menstrual cycles. It provides negative feedback to the hormonal signals that trigger ovulation.
- **Estrogen**: Often included in combination pills, estrogen works alongside progesterone to enhance the effectiveness of the contraceptive method.

4. **Types of OCPs**:
- There are two main types of oral contraceptive pills:
- **Progesterone-only pills**: These contain only progesterone.
- **Combination pills**: These contain both estrogen and progesterone.

5. **Usage**:
- OCPs are usually taken starting from the 5th day of the menstrual cycle and are taken for a duration of 21 days.

6. **Conclusion**:
- The correct answer to the question regarding the composition of oral contraceptive pills is that they contain **estrogen and progesterone**.