The final product formed by distilling ethyl alcohol with excess of `Cl_(2)` and `Ca(OH)_(2)` is

Options

A. `CH_(3)CHO`
B. `"CCl)_(3)CHO`
C. `CHCL_(3)`
D. `(CH_(3))_(2)O`

Answer

To solve the question regarding the final product formed by distilling ethyl alcohol with excess of Cl₂ and Ca(OH)₂, we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
The reactants in this reaction are ethyl alcohol (C₂H₅OH) and chlorine (Cl₂) in the presence of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂).

### Step 2: Understand the Reaction with Chlorine
When ethyl alcohol is treated with chlorine, it undergoes oxidation. Chlorine acts as an oxidizing agent, and during this process, the alcohol is oxidized to an aldehyde. The oxidation of ethyl alcohol (C₂H₅OH) leads to the formation of acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) as byproducts.

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{C}_2\text{H}_5\text{OH} + \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow \text{CH}_3\text{CHO} + 2 \text{HCl} \]

### Step 3: Excess Chlorine Reaction
Since we have excess Cl₂, the chlorine will continue to react with the product. The chlorine will replace the hydrogen atoms in the aldehyde, leading to the formation of trichloroacetaldehyde (CCl₃CHO).

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{CHO} + 3 \text{Cl}_2 \rightarrow \text{CCl}_3\text{CHO} + 3 \text{HCl} \]

### Step 4: Reaction with Calcium Hydroxide
Next, we introduce calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) into the reaction. Calcium hydroxide acts as a base and facilitates hydrolysis. The trichloroacetaldehyde (CCl₃CHO) undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of Ca(OH)₂, leading to the formation of chloroform (CHCl₃) and calcium formate (Ca(HCOO)₂).

**Reaction:**
\[ \text{CCl}_3\text{CHO} + \text{Ca(OH)}_2 \rightarrow \text{CHCl}_3 + \text{Ca(HCOO)}_2 \]

### Final Product
The final product formed from the distillation of ethyl alcohol with excess Cl₂ and Ca(OH)₂ is chloroform (CHCl₃).

### Conclusion
Thus, the answer to the question is:
**Chloroform (CHCl₃)**

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