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The answer to each of the following is a...

The answer to each of the following is a non-negative integer.
The number of lone pairs in `O_3` molecule is

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To find the number of lone pairs in the ozone molecule (O₃), we can follow these steps: ### Step 1: Understand the Structure of Ozone Ozone (O₃) consists of three oxygen atoms. Each oxygen atom has 6 valence electrons, as oxygen is in group 16 of the periodic table. ### Step 2: Calculate Total Valence Electrons Since there are three oxygen atoms, the total number of valence electrons in O₃ is: \[ 3 \text{ (O)} \times 6 \text{ (valence electrons per O)} = 18 \text{ valence electrons} \] ### Step 3: Draw the Lewis Structure To draw the Lewis structure for O₃: 1. Connect the three oxygen atoms. Typically, one oxygen atom is central, and the other two are bonded to it. 2. Use a double bond between the central oxygen and one of the outer oxygens, and a single bond with the other outer oxygen. ### Step 4: Distribute Electrons After forming the bonds: - The double bond uses 4 electrons (2 pairs) between the central oxygen and one outer oxygen. - The single bond uses 2 electrons (1 pair) between the central oxygen and the other outer oxygen. This accounts for: \[ 4 \text{ (double bond)} + 2 \text{ (single bond)} = 6 \text{ electrons used} \] ### Step 5: Calculate Remaining Electrons Now, subtract the used electrons from the total valence electrons: \[ 18 \text{ (total)} - 6 \text{ (used)} = 12 \text{ electrons remaining} \] ### Step 6: Assign Lone Pairs Distribute the remaining 12 electrons as lone pairs: - Each oxygen atom needs to complete its octet (8 electrons). - The outer oxygens will each have 3 lone pairs (6 electrons) and 1 bond (2 electrons) to the central oxygen. - The central oxygen will have 1 lone pair (2 electrons) and 2 bonds (4 electrons). ### Step 7: Count the Lone Pairs - Each outer oxygen has 3 lone pairs (6 electrons). - The central oxygen has 1 lone pair (2 electrons). Thus, the total number of lone pairs in O₃ is: \[ 3 \text{ (from one outer O)} + 3 \text{ (from the other outer O)} + 1 \text{ (from the central O)} = 7 \text{ lone pairs} \] ### Final Answer The number of lone pairs in the ozone molecule (O₃) is **4**. ---
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