Define transition elements. Discuss their following characteristic properties : Magnetic property

Explanation

Transition elements The elements in which last electron enters in (n-1) d-orbital are called d-block elements. These elements are generally known as transition elements as their position in periodic table is in between that of s-block (electropositive) and p-block elements. These elements make up three complete rows, i.e. 3d, 4d, 5d, and an incomplete fourth row, i.e. 6d. Their given characteristic properties are discussed below :
Magnetic properties The presence of unpaired electrons in transition metals is responsible for their magnetic behaviour. The transition elemetns containing unpaired electrons are paramagnetic in nature and, hence show magnetic properties. Each unpaired electron possesses a magnetic moment which is related to their spin and orbital angular momentum
Hence, the magnetic moment is determined only from spin formula which is given below .
`mu = sqrt(n (n +2)) BM`
where , `n to ` number of unpaired electrons
`BM to` Bohr magneton