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Give a pure genetic explanation for the ...

Give a pure genetic explanation for the following cross, when a tall pea plant with round seeds was crossed with a pea plant that is dwarf having wrinkled seeds. Individuals of `F_(1)` population were all tall having round seeds . However , selfing among `F_(1)` population led to a 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 phenotypic ratio

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The cross given in question is a dihybrid cross, which explains the third law of Mendel, i.e. law of independent assortment . Thus was based on the results of dihybrid crosses, where inheritance of two traits were considered simulataneously. This law states that when two pairs of traits are combined in a hybrid , segregation of one pair of character is independent of the other pair of characters at the time of gamete formation. It also gets randomly rearranged in the offspring producing both parental and new combinations of characters .

Phenotypic ratio Tall and round : Tall and winkled : Dwarf and round : Dwarf and wrinkled 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
Genotypic ratio 1 : 2 : 2 : 4 : 1 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 1
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