In gymnosperms pollination takes place by-

Options

A. Wind
B. Water
C. insects
D. Animals

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Gymnosperms**: Gymnosperms are a group of plants characterized by having naked seeds, meaning their ovules are exposed and not enclosed within an ovary wall.

2. **Pollination Process**: In Gymnosperms, pollination is the transfer of pollen grains (male gametophytes) to the female reproductive structure, known as the archegonia.

3. **Production of Spores**: Gymnosperms are heterosporous, producing two types of spores: microspores (which develop into pollen grains) and megaspores (which develop into the female gametophyte).

4. **Release of Pollen**: The pollen grains are formed in microsporangia and are released into the environment.

5. **Mechanism of Pollination**: The primary mechanism for the transfer of pollen grains in Gymnosperms is through wind. The pollen grains are carried by air currents until they reach the archegonia.

6. **Fertilization**: Once the pollen grains come into contact with the archegonia, they discharge their contents, allowing fertilization to occur, leading to the formation of a zygote and eventually an embryo.

7. **Conclusion**: Therefore, in Gymnosperms, the main agent of pollination is wind.

**Final Answer**: In Gymnosperms, pollination takes place primarily by wind.

---