What is the function of estrogen in the pre-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle?

Options

A. Development of the follicle
B. Converting Graafian follicle into corpus luteum
C. Re-epithelialization of the uterine endometrium
D. Development of the uterine myometrium

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Menstrual Cycle:** The menstrual cycle consists of several phases, including the pre-ovulatory phase (also known as the follicular phase) and the post-ovulatory phase (luteal phase). The pre-ovulatory phase is characterized by the development of ovarian follicles and preparation of the uterine lining for potential implantation.

2. **Role of Estrogen:** During the pre-ovulatory phase, estrogen plays a crucial role in the development and maturation of the ovarian follicles. As the follicles grow, they secrete increasing amounts of estrogen.

3. **Effects on Uterine Endometrium:** One of the primary functions of estrogen during this phase is to stimulate the re-epithelialization of the uterine endometrium. This means that estrogen helps to thicken and prepare the endometrial lining for a possible pregnancy.

4. **Distinguishing Other Hormones:** It is important to note that while estrogen is significant for the development of the endometrium, other hormones like FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone) are responsible for the initial development of the follicles, and LH (Luteinizing Hormone) is responsible for triggering ovulation and converting the mature follicle into the corpus luteum.

5. **Conclusion:** Therefore, the primary function of estrogen in the pre-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle is the re-epithelialization and thickening of the uterine endometrium, preparing it for potential implantation of a fertilized egg.