Which of the following statements is false?
I. Vallisneria and Hydrilla are fresh water while sea-grases( eg. Zostera) are marine plant.
II. Vallisneria is epihydrophilous while Zostera is hypohydrophilous.
III. Pollination in water lily l Lotus (Nymphea) and Eichomia (water hyacinth) takes place by insects
IV. In majorityof aquatic plants flowers emerge above the level of water and are pollinated by insects or wind
V. In most of the water pollinated species, pollen grains are protected from wetting due to absence of mucilaginous covering
VI. In hydrophilous plants pollen grains are spherical.

Options

A. Allogamy
B. None
C. V and VI
D. IV

Answer

To determine which of the statements is false, let's analyze each statement one by one:

**Step 1: Analyze Statement I**
- Statement: "Vallisneria and Hydrilla are fresh water while sea-grasses (e.g., Zostera) are marine plants."
- Analysis: This statement is true. Vallisneria and Hydrilla are indeed freshwater plants, while Zostera is a marine plant.

**Step 2: Analyze Statement II**
- Statement: "Vallisneria is epihydrophilous while Zostera is hypohydrophilous."
- Analysis: This statement is also true. Vallisneria is pollinated above the water surface (epihydrophilous), while Zostera is pollinated below the water surface (hypohydrophilous).

**Step 3: Analyze Statement III**
- Statement: "Pollination in water lily (Nymphea) and Eichhornia (water hyacinth) takes place by insects."
- Analysis: This statement is true. Both water lily and water hyacinth are pollinated by insects, which is a form of entomophily.

**Step 4: Analyze Statement IV**
- Statement: "In the majority of aquatic plants, flowers emerge above the level of water and are pollinated by insects or wind."
- Analysis: This statement is true. Many aquatic plants do have flowers that emerge above water and are pollinated by insects or wind.

**Step 5: Analyze Statement V**
- Statement: "In most of the water-pollinated species, pollen grains are protected from wetting due to the absence of mucilaginous covering."
- Analysis: This statement is false. Water-pollinated species typically have a mucilaginous sheath that protects pollen grains from wetting.

**Step 6: Analyze Statement VI**
- Statement: "In hydrophilous plants, pollen grains are spherical."
- Analysis: This statement is also false. Pollen grains in hydrophilous plants are generally filamentous rather than spherical.

**Conclusion: Identify the False Statements**
- The false statements are V and VI. Thus, the answer to the question is that statements V and VI are false.

**Final Answer: The false statements are V and VI.**

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