Select the incorrect statement w.r.t pedigree analysis

Options

A. Solid symbol shows the unaffected individual
B. It is useful for genetic counsellors
C. Proband is the person from which case history starts
D. It is an analysis of traits in a several generations of a family

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Pedigree Analysis:**
- Pedigree analysis is a method used to study the inheritance patterns of traits in families over several generations. It helps in understanding genetic disorders and their transmission.

2. **Identifying Symbols in Pedigree Charts:**
- In pedigree charts, different symbols are used to represent individuals. Typically, a square represents a male and a circle represents a female.
- A solid (filled) symbol indicates an affected individual, while a hollow (unfilled) symbol indicates an unaffected individual.

3. **Evaluating the Statements:**
- **Option A:** "Solid symbol shows the unaffected individual."
- This statement is incorrect because a solid symbol actually indicates an affected individual, not an unaffected one.
- **Option B:** "It is useful for genetic counselors."
- This statement is correct; pedigree analysis is indeed useful for genetic counseling.
- **Option C:** "Proband is the person from which case history starts."
- This statement is also correct; the proband is the individual in a pedigree from whom the study begins.
- **Option D:** "It is an analysis of traits in several generations of a family."
- This statement is correct as it accurately describes the purpose of pedigree analysis.

4. **Conclusion:**
- The incorrect statement regarding pedigree analysis is **Option A**, as it misrepresents the meaning of solid symbols in pedigree charts.

**Final Answer:**
The incorrect statement with respect to pedigree analysis is **Option A**: "Solid symbol shows the unaffected individual."

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