In which of the following combinations conclusion of independent assortment does not apply.

Options

A. Pod form - plant height
B. Plant height - seed form
C. Flower colour - seed form
D. Pod-position - cotyledon colour

Answer

To determine in which combination the conclusion of independent assortment does not apply, we need to understand the concept of linked genes and independent assortment.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Independent Assortment**: Independent assortment is a principle that states that genes located on different chromosomes are inherited independently of one another during gamete formation. This means that the inheritance of one trait will not affect the inheritance of another trait if they are on different chromosomes.

2. **Identify Linked Genes**: Linked genes are genes that are located on the same chromosome. Because they are physically close to each other, they tend to be inherited together and do not assort independently during meiosis.

3. **Analyze the Given Combinations**:
- **Combination 1**: Both the shape of the pod and the height of the plant are located on chromosome 4. Since these genes are on the same chromosome, they are linked and will not follow the principle of independent assortment.
- **Combination 2**: The height of the plant (chromosome 4) and the shape of the seed (chromosome 7) are on different chromosomes. Therefore, they will assort independently.
- **Combination 3**: The flower color (chromosome 1) and the seed form (chromosome 7) are also on different chromosomes, so they will assort independently.
- **Combination 4**: The position of the pod (chromosome 4) and the color of the seed (chromosome 1) are on different chromosomes, thus they will assort independently.

4. **Conclusion**: The only combination where independent assortment does not apply is the first combination, where both traits (shape of the pod and height of the plant) are located on the same chromosome (chromosome 4). Therefore, the correct answer is **Combination 1**.