Mendelian genetics applies on

Options

A. Haploid
B. Diploid
C. Prokaryotes
D. Mycoplasma

Answer

### Step-by-Step Text Solution:

**Step 1: Understanding Mendelian Genetics**
Mendelian genetics refers to the principles of inheritance discovered by Gregor Mendel, which apply to organisms that reproduce sexually. These principles are based on the segregation and independent assortment of alleles during gamete formation.

**Step 2: Identifying the Organisms Involved**
Mendelian genetics applies primarily to diploid organisms. In diploid organisms, chromosomes exist in pairs, with one set inherited from each parent. This means that these organisms have two alleles for each gene.

**Step 3: The Process of Gamete Formation**
During sexual reproduction, diploid organisms undergo meiosis, a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in haploid gametes. The gametes carry only one allele for each gene.

**Step 4: Fertilization and Formation of Zygote**
When two gametes fuse during fertilization, they form a diploid zygote, which contains two alleles for each gene—one from each parent. This zygote then develops into an embryo and eventually into a complete organism.

**Step 5: Limitations of Mendelian Genetics**
Mendelian genetics does not apply to organisms that reproduce asexually, such as prokaryotes (e.g., bacteria) and mycoplasma, as these organisms do not undergo sexual reproduction and do not have a diploid stage.

**Conclusion: Summary of Applicability**
In summary, Mendelian genetics applies to sexually reproducing diploid organisms, where genetic inheritance follows Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment.