Mendel's laws are explained by

Options

A. chromosome behaviour in mitosis.
B. chromosome behaviour in meiosis.
C. cytokinesis in mitosis and meiosis.
D. Mendel's laws have not been explained.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Text Solution:**

1. **Understanding Mendel's Laws**: Mendel's laws of inheritance, which include the Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment, describe how traits are inherited from one generation to the next. These laws are based on the behavior of chromosomes during cell division.

2. **Chromosome Behavior in Mitosis**: In mitosis, a diploid cell (2N) divides to produce two identical diploid daughter cells. The number of chromosomes remains the same, which is not directly related to Mendel's laws of segregation and independent assortment.

3. **Chromosome Behavior in Meiosis**: In meiosis, a diploid cell undergoes two rounds of division to produce four haploid cells (gametes). This process is crucial for Mendel's laws as it involves the segregation of alleles. Each gamete receives one allele from each gene pair, which aligns with Mendel's Law of Segregation.

4. **Cytokinesis in Mitosis and Meiosis**: Cytokinesis is the process of cytoplasmic division that occurs after mitosis and meiosis. While it is essential for cell division, it does not explain Mendel's laws directly. The focus should be on the chromosomal behavior during meiosis.

5. **Conclusion**: The correct explanation of Mendel's laws is primarily through the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis, as this is where the segregation of alleles occurs, leading to genetic variation in offspring.

**Final Answer**: Mendel's laws are explained by the behavior of chromosomes during meiosis.

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