Compare and contrast divergent and convergent evolution :
Which of the following would result in a group of species that are physiclly similar but NOT genetically related?

Options

A. Divergent evolution
B. Covnergent evolution
C. Both would have that result
D. Neither would have that result

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Define Divergent Evolution**:
- Divergent evolution occurs when two or more related species evolve different traits or characteristics over time. This usually happens when species adapt to different environments or ecological niches.
- Example: The evolution of different species of finches on the Galápagos Islands, which have adapted beak shapes suited to their specific diets.

2. **Define Convergent Evolution**:
- Convergent evolution occurs when unrelated species develop similar traits or characteristics due to adapting to similar environments or ecological niches. This results in physical similarities, but the species do not share a recent common ancestor.
- Example: The wings of bats (mammals) and birds (avian) are structurally different but serve the same function of flight.

3. **Comparison of Divergent and Convergent Evolution**:
- **Genetic Relationship**:
- Divergent evolution involves related species that become more different genetically over time.
- Convergent evolution involves unrelated species that become more similar in appearance and function, despite having different genetic backgrounds.
- **Physical Characteristics**:
- In divergent evolution, species may have different physical characteristics due to adaptation to different environments.
- In convergent evolution, species may have similar physical characteristics due to adaptation to similar environments.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The question asks for a group of species that are physically similar but not genetically related. This is characteristic of convergent evolution. Therefore, the answer is convergent evolution.