The antibiotic known as penicillin

Options

A. interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan.
B. Interferes with the synthesis of the bacterial cell membrane.
C. Prevents the bacterial ribosomes from functioning normally
D. Prevents the bacterial DNA from functioning normally

Answer

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Penicillin**: Penicillin is a well-known antibiotic that is primarily used to treat bacterial infections. It was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928 and has been widely used in medicine since then.

2. **Mechanism of Action**: The primary mechanism of action of penicillin is that it interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan, which is an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. This interference weakens the cell wall and ultimately leads to the lysis (breaking down) of the bacterial cell.

3. **Evaluating Options**:
- **Option 1**: "Interferes with the Synthesis of Peptidoglycan." This is correct because penicillin specifically targets the synthesis of peptidoglycan in bacterial cell walls.
- **Option 2**: "Interferes with the Synthesis of the Bacterial Cell Membrane." This is incorrect. Penicillin does not primarily target the cell membrane.
- **Option 3**: "Prevents the Bacterial Ribosomes from Functioning Normally." This is also incorrect. Penicillin does not affect ribosomal function directly.
- **Option 4**: "Prevents the Bacterial DNA from Functioning Normally." This is incorrect as well. Penicillin does not directly interfere with bacterial DNA.

4. **Conclusion**: Based on the evaluation of the options, the correct answer is that penicillin interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan.

### Final Answer:
The antibiotic known as penicillin interferes with the synthesis of peptidoglycan.

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