The application of induced mutations for crop improvement is called:

Options

A. Mutation breeding
B. Apomixis
C. Adventive embryony
D. Cloning

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks about the application of induced mutations specifically for crop improvement. This indicates that we are looking for a term that describes the process of using induced mutations to enhance crop traits.

2. **Identifying Key Terms**: The key terms here are "induced mutations" and "crop improvement." Induced mutations refer to changes in the genetic material that are deliberately caused by external factors, such as chemicals or radiation, to create variations in plants.

3. **Evaluating the Options**:
- **Option 1: Mutation Breeding**: This term refers to the process of using induced mutations to create genetic variations in crops, which can then be selected for desirable traits. This is a direct application of induced mutations for crop improvement.
- **Option 2: Apomixis**: This is a form of asexual reproduction that occurs without fertilization. It does not involve induced mutations.
- **Option 3: Adventive Embryo**: This term refers to embryos that develop from somatic cells rather than from fertilized ovules. It is not directly related to induced mutations.
- **Option 4: Cloning**: Cloning involves creating genetically identical copies of an organism. While it is a form of asexual reproduction, it does not involve induced mutations for crop improvement.

4. **Selecting the Correct Answer**: Based on the evaluation, the correct answer is **Option 1: Mutation Breeding**. This is the process that specifically applies induced mutations for the purpose of improving crop traits.

5. **Conclusion**: Therefore, the application of induced mutations for crop improvement is called **Mutation Breeding**.

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