Gene gun or particle bombardment gun method of gene transfer utilises

Options

A. microneedles
B. micropipettes
C. microprojectiles
D. electrical impulses

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding the Gene Gun Method**: The Gene Gun, also known as the Particle Bombardment method, is a technique used for gene transfer. It involves the use of microprojectiles to deliver DNA into cells.

2. **Materials Used**: The method utilizes heavy metals, specifically tungsten (W) and gold (Au). These metals are chosen for their density and ability to penetrate cell walls.

3. **Coating of DNA**: The heavy metal particles (tungsten or gold) are coated with DNA. This coating is crucial as it allows the DNA to be delivered into the target cells.

4. **Delivery Mechanism**: The coated particles are propelled at a high velocity towards the target cells. The force used to propel these particles ensures that they penetrate the cell membrane and reach the nucleus.

5. **Comparison with Other Methods**: Unlike microinjection methods that use micropipettes to deliver DNA directly into cells, the Gene Gun method relies on the physical bombardment of microprojectiles. This is different from other techniques like electroporation, which uses electric impulses to create pores in the cell membrane for DNA entry.

6. **Conclusion**: The Gene Gun or Particle Bombardment method utilizes microprojectiles coated with DNA to facilitate gene transfer into cells.

**Final Answer**: The Gene Gun or Particle Bombardment method of gene transfer utilizes microprojectiles.

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