Which of the following is/are product(s) of genetic engineering-
A. Humulin
B. hepatitis B vaccine prepared by yeast
C. golden rice
D. Bt cotton

Options

A. A, B
B. B, C
C. A, B, C
D. A, B, C, D

Answer

To determine which of the options are products of genetic engineering, let's analyze each one step by step:

### Step 1: Analyze Humulin
- **Definition**: Humulin is a form of human insulin produced through recombinant DNA technology.
- **Process**: The gene responsible for producing human insulin is inserted into bacteria (usually E. coli), which then produce insulin that can be harvested and purified for medical use.
- **Conclusion**: Humulin is a product of genetic engineering.

### Step 2: Analyze Hepatitis B Vaccine Prepared by Yeast
- **Definition**: The Hepatitis B vaccine is made using the surface proteins of the Hepatitis B virus.
- **Process**: The gene coding for the surface protein is inserted into yeast cells, which then produce the protein. This protein is used to create the vaccine.
- **Conclusion**: The hepatitis B vaccine prepared by yeast is a product of genetic engineering.

### Step 3: Analyze Golden Rice
- **Definition**: Golden rice is a genetically modified rice variety that has been engineered to produce beta-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A.
- **Process**: Genes that code for the enzymes needed to synthesize beta-carotene are inserted into the rice genome.
- **Conclusion**: Golden rice is a product of genetic engineering.

### Step 4: Analyze Bt Cotton
- **Definition**: Bt cotton is a genetically modified organism (GMO) that has been engineered to express a toxin from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis.
- **Process**: The gene coding for the insecticidal protein is inserted into the cotton plant, making it resistant to certain pests.
- **Conclusion**: Bt cotton is a product of genetic engineering.

### Final Conclusion
All four options (A. Humulin, B. Hepatitis B vaccine prepared by yeast, C. Golden rice, and D. Bt cotton) are products of genetic engineering.

### Answer
The correct answer is: **A, B, C, and D**.

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