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In the human-induced condition called eu...

In the human-induced condition called eutrophication, the main biogeochemical cycle that is altered is the_________ cycle, and the effect is to create__________ conditions and decrease species diversity.

A

hydrological, aerobic

B

phosphorus, anaerobic

C

hydrological, aerobic

D

phosphorus, aerobic

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
**Step-by-Step Solution:** 1. **Understanding Eutrophication**: Eutrophication is a process that occurs when a body of water becomes overly enriched with nutrients, often due to runoff from land, which leads to excessive growth of algae. 2. **Identifying the Main Biogeochemical Cycle Altered**: The primary nutrient involved in eutrophication is phosphorus. When phosphorus levels increase in a water body, it leads to algal blooms. Therefore, the main biogeochemical cycle that is altered in eutrophication is the phosphorus cycle. 3. **Effects of Eutrophication**: The rapid growth of algae can lead to a decrease in dissolved oxygen levels in the water as bacteria decompose the dead algae. This process creates anaerobic conditions, meaning there is a lack of oxygen in the water. 4. **Impact on Species Diversity**: The decrease in oxygen levels can be detrimental to aquatic life, leading to the death of fish and other organisms, which in turn decreases species diversity in the ecosystem. 5. **Filling in the Blanks**: Based on the above understanding, we can fill in the blanks in the question: - The main biogeochemical cycle that is altered is the **phosphorus** cycle. - The effect is to create **anaerobic** conditions and decrease species diversity. **Final Answer**: In the human-induced condition called eutrophication, the main biogeochemical cycle that is altered is the **phosphorus** cycle, and the effect is to create **anaerobic** conditions and decrease species diversity. ---
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