In which of the following areas does the primary succession occur?

Options

A. Abandoned farm land
B. Land which has been flooded
C. Forest destroyed by fire
D. Newly created pond.

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Primary Succession**: Primary succession occurs in areas where no soil exists initially, such as after a volcanic eruption or on bare rock. It involves the colonization of pioneer species that can survive in harsh conditions and gradually lead to the development of a more complex ecosystem.

2. **Evaluating Options**:
- **Option 1: Abundant farmland** - This is not a suitable area for primary succession because farmland is typically cultivated and has existing soil and plant life.
- **Option 2: Land which has been flooded** - Flooded land may not be barren in the traditional sense, but it does not represent primary succession as it is often still part of an existing ecosystem that has been temporarily altered.
- **Option 3: Forest destroyed by fire** - While this area may seem barren, it is often not considered primary succession because the soil and some seed bank still exist, allowing for secondary succession instead.
- **Option 4: Newly created ponds** - This option is the most suitable for primary succession. Newly created ponds can provide a blank slate for the establishment of pioneer species, such as algae and aquatic plants, which can thrive in these new environments.

3. **Conclusion**: Based on the evaluation of the options, the area where primary succession occurs is **newly created ponds**.

**Final Answer**: Newly created ponds.

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