In situ strategies include -
A. Biosphere reserve
B. National park
C. Wildlife sanctuaries
D. sacred forests / lakes

Options

A. A, B
B. A, B, C
C. B, C, D
D. A, B, C, D

Answer

To determine which options are included in in situ conservation strategies, we need to understand what in situ conservation means. In situ conservation refers to the conservation of species in their natural habitats, where they can maintain their ecological processes and interactions.

Here’s a step-by-step solution:

1. **Identify In Situ Conservation**: In situ conservation strategies involve protecting and managing species in their natural environments. This includes various protected areas where ecosystems and wildlife can thrive without significant human interference.

2. **Evaluate Each Option**:
- **A. Biosphere Reserve**: These are areas designated to promote and protect biodiversity, ecosystems, and cultural diversity. They are a prime example of in situ conservation.
- **B. National Park**: National parks are protected areas established for the conservation of wildlife and natural resources. They also serve as in situ conservation areas.
- **C. Wildlife Sanctuaries**: These are protected areas specifically aimed at conserving wildlife and their habitats. They are also considered in situ conservation strategies.
- **D. Sacred Forests/Lakes**: These are areas that are protected due to their cultural significance and are often preserved by local communities. They can also serve as in situ conservation areas.

3. **Conclusion**: All the options listed (A, B, C, and D) are examples of in situ conservation strategies.

Thus, the answer is:
**All of the above (A, B, C, D) are in situ strategies.**