How do contraceptive oral pills help in birth control?

Options

A. Phagocytose the sperms
B. Suppress the motility of sperms
C. Prevent maturation of ovarian follicies
D. Suppress the fertilising capacity of sperms

Answer

**Step-by-Step Solution:**

1. **Understanding Contraceptive Oral Pills:**
Contraceptive oral pills, commonly known as birth control pills, are medications taken by women to prevent pregnancy. They contain hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent ovulation.

2. **Mechanism of Action:**
- **Prevent Ovulation:** The primary way these pills work is by preventing the ovaries from releasing eggs (ovulation). If there is no egg available for fertilization, pregnancy cannot occur.
- **Alter Hormone Levels:** The pills contain synthetic forms of hormones, typically estrogen and progesterone, which help maintain hormonal balance and prevent the natural cycle of ovulation.

3. **Effects on Ovarian Follicles:**
- The presence of these hormones prevents the maturation of ovarian follicles. Without the maturation of follicles, ovulation does not take place, further ensuring that no egg is available for sperm to fertilize.

4. **Additional Mechanisms:**
- **Thickening of Cervical Mucus:** The hormones in the pills also thicken the mucus in the cervix, making it more difficult for sperm to enter the uterus.
- **Endometrial Changes:** The pills can also alter the lining of the uterus, making it less suitable for a fertilized egg to implant, should fertilization occur.

5. **Conclusion:**
In summary, contraceptive oral pills help in birth control primarily by preventing ovulation, altering hormone levels, and creating an environment that is unfavorable for sperm and implantation.