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Among the following statements:- I. P...

Among the following statements:-
I. `PCl_(5)` is trigonal bipyramidal wheras `IF_(5)` is square pyramidal.
II. Bond enthalpy of `O-H` bond in water and ethanol is different.
III. All carbon atoms have same hybridisation in carbon suboxide `(C_(3)O_(2))`
Find out the correct statements.

A

I & II only

B

II & III only

C

I & III only

D

I, II & III

Text Solution

AI Generated Solution

The correct Answer is:
To solve the question, we will analyze each statement one by one to determine their correctness. ### Step 1: Analyze Statement I **Statement I:** `PCl5` is trigonal bipyramidal whereas `IF5` is square pyramidal. - **PCl5 Structure:** Phosphorus (P) has 5 valence electrons and forms 5 bonds with chlorine (Cl). The geometry of `PCl5` is indeed trigonal bipyramidal, with three Cl atoms in the equatorial plane and two Cl atoms in the axial positions. - **IF5 Structure:** Iodine (I) has 7 valence electrons and forms 5 bonds with fluorine (F). It also has one lone pair of electrons. The geometry of `IF5` is square pyramidal, with four F atoms in the equatorial plane and one F atom in the axial position, along with one lone pair. **Conclusion for Statement I:** True ### Step 2: Analyze Statement II **Statement II:** Bond enthalpy of `O-H` bond in water and ethanol is different. - **Bond Enthalpy:** The bond enthalpy of the `O-H` bond in water (H2O) and in ethanol (C2H5OH) is indeed different. This is due to the different electronic environments around the oxygen atom in both molecules. In water, the `O-H` bond is influenced by the hydrogen atoms, while in ethanol, the `O-H` bond is influenced by the ethyl group (C2H5), which has different electronegativity. **Conclusion for Statement II:** True ### Step 3: Analyze Statement III **Statement III:** All carbon atoms have the same hybridization in carbon suboxide `(C3O2)`. - **Structure of C3O2:** The structure of carbon suboxide can be represented as O=C=C=C=O. In this structure, each carbon atom is involved in double bonds. The hybridization for each carbon atom can be determined: - The terminal carbon atoms (C1 and C3) are involved in one double bond and one single bond, leading to sp hybridization. - The central carbon atom (C2) is involved in two double bonds, which also leads to sp hybridization. Since all carbon atoms in `C3O2` exhibit sp hybridization, they indeed have the same hybridization. **Conclusion for Statement III:** True ### Final Conclusion All statements (I, II, and III) are correct. ### Summary of Correct Statements: 1. Statement I: True 2. Statement II: True 3. Statement III: True **Final Answer:** All statements are correct. ---
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