Which of the following is `//` are pre-requisite(s) for imbibition ?
(a) Presence of mucilage in the adsorbent.
(b) The affinity between the adsorbent and the liquid.
( c ) Water potential gradient between the adsorbent and the liquid.
(d) Presence of cuticle on the surface of the adsorbent.
Choose the correct option from the following.

Options

A. (b) and ( c )
B. Only (b)
C. (a), (b) and ( c )
D. (a) and ( d)

Answer

To determine the prerequisites for imbibition, we need to analyze each of the options provided in the question.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Imbibition**:
- Imbibition is the process of absorption of a liquid by a solid or colloid, which often leads to swelling. This process is crucial in biological systems, particularly in seed germination and water uptake by plant tissues.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **(a) Presence of mucilage in the adsorbent**:
- Mucilage can aid in water retention and absorption, but it is not a strict prerequisite for imbibition to occur. Therefore, this option is not essential.

- **(b) The affinity between the adsorbent and the liquid**:
- This is a crucial factor. For imbibition to occur, there must be a strong attraction (affinity) between the adsorbent (solid) and the liquid. This affinity helps in the absorption process.

- **(c) Water potential gradient between the adsorbent and the liquid**:
- This is also a key requirement. A water potential gradient is necessary for the movement of water into the adsorbent. Without this gradient, water will not move into the solid.

- **(d) Presence of cuticle on the surface of the adsorbent**:
- A cuticle is a waxy layer that can inhibit water absorption. Therefore, its presence is not a prerequisite for imbibition; in fact, it can hinder the process.

3. **Conclusion**:
- The prerequisites for imbibition are:
- (b) The affinity between the adsorbent and the liquid.
- (c) Water potential gradient between the adsorbent and the liquid.

### Correct Answer:
**(b) and (c)** are the correct options.

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