The pro-hormone insulin is processed to become a fully mature and functional insulin hormone by removal of

Options

A. C peptide
B. A peptide
C. B peptide
D. Both (A) and (B)

Answer

To solve the question regarding the processing of pro-hormone insulin into its mature form, we will follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Pro-hormone Insulin Structure**:
- Pro-hormone insulin consists of three polypeptide chains: the A chain, the B chain, and the C-peptide (linker peptide).
- The A chain and B chain are linked together by disulfide bonds.

2. **Processing of Pro-hormone Insulin**:
- The pro-hormone undergoes processing in the Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum.
- During this processing, the C-peptide is cleaved off from the pro-hormone insulin.

3. **Formation of Mature Insulin**:
- After the removal of the C-peptide, the remaining A and B chains are joined together by disulfide bonds, forming the mature insulin hormone.
- The mature insulin consists of two chains: the A chain (21 amino acids) and the B chain (30 amino acids), totaling 51 amino acids.

4. **Identifying the Correct Answer**:
- The question asks which component is removed to convert pro-hormone insulin into functional insulin.
- Since the C-peptide is the only component that is removed, the correct answer is **C-peptide**.

### Final Answer:
The pro-hormone insulin is processed to become a fully mature and functional insulin hormone by the removal of **C-peptide**.

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