Asexual reproduction in sponges occurs by
(a) Parthenogenesis
(b) Budding
(c) Fragmentation
(d) Spore

Options

A. Parthenogenesis
B. Budding
C. Fragmentation
D. Spores

Answer

To solve the question regarding the method of asexual reproduction in sponges, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Question
The question asks about the method of asexual reproduction in sponges. We need to identify which of the given options is the correct mechanism.

### Step 2: Analyze the Options
We have four options to consider:
- (a) Parthenogenesis
- (b) Budding
- (c) Fragmentation
- (d) Spore formation

### Step 3: Review the Characteristics of Sponges
Sponges belong to the phylum Porifera. They are known for their simple body structure and unique reproductive methods.

### Step 4: Evaluate Each Option
- **Parthenogenesis**: This is a form of asexual reproduction where an egg develops into an organism without fertilization. This is not a common method in sponges.
- **Budding**: This is a form of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud on the parent organism. In sponges, asexual reproduction primarily occurs through budding.
- **Fragmentation**: This involves the breaking of the organism into pieces, each of which can grow into a new individual. While some organisms can reproduce this way, it is not a primary method for sponges.
- **Spore Formation**: Sponges do not reproduce asexually through spores; this method is more common in fungi and some plants.

### Step 5: Identify the Correct Answer
Based on the analysis, the correct answer is **(b) Budding**, as sponges primarily reproduce asexually through this method, specifically through endogenous budding, which leads to the formation of structures known as gamules.

### Conclusion
The correct answer to the question is **(b) Budding**.

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