What will be the additional volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration?

Options

A. 500 mL
B. 1100 mL
C. 2300 mL
D. 3000 mL

Answer

To solve the question regarding the additional volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration, we need to understand some key concepts related to lung volumes and capacities.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Tidal Volume**:
- Tidal volume (TV) is the amount of air that is inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing. The average tidal volume for a healthy adult is approximately 500 ml.
- **Hint**: Tidal volume is the air exchanged in normal breaths, not during forcible expiration.

2. **Identify Expiratory Reserve Volume**:
- The additional volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal expiration is known as the Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV).
- The average ERV is about 1100 ml.
- **Hint**: Focus on the term "forcible expiration" which indicates we are looking for the ERV.

3. **Consider Residual Volume**:
- Residual volume (RV) is the amount of air that remains in the lungs after a forcible expiration. This volume cannot be expelled and is typically around 2300 ml.
- **Hint**: Residual volume is not what we can forcibly exhale; it’s what remains in the lungs.

4. **Understand Inspiratory Reserve Volume**:
- Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV) is the amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation. For males, this is usually around 3000 ml.
- **Hint**: This volume relates to inhalation, not expiration.

5. **Conclusion**:
- Given the options and the definitions, the correct answer to the question about the additional volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration is **1100 ml**, which corresponds to the Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV).

### Final Answer:
The additional volume of air that a person can expire by a forcible expiration is **1100 ml**.