Malonic acid on dehydration with `P_(4)O_(10)` gives an oxide, which is

Options

A. linear
B. bent - V - shaped
C. planar
D. tetrahedral

Answer

To solve the question regarding the dehydration of malonic acid with P₄O₁₀ and the resulting oxide, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
Malonic acid has the chemical formula CH₂(COOH)₂. It is a dicarboxylic acid.

### Step 2: Understand the Reaction
When malonic acid is dehydrated using phosphorus pentoxide (P₄O₁₀), it loses water molecules. This dehydration reaction typically results in the formation of an anhydride or an oxide.

### Step 3: Write the Reaction
The dehydration of malonic acid can be represented as follows:
\[ 2 \text{CH}_2(COOH)_2 + \text{P}_4\text{O}_{10} \rightarrow \text{H}_4\text{P}_2\text{O}_7 + 2 \text{C}_3\text{O}_2 \]

Here, we see that two moles of malonic acid react with P₄O₁₀ to produce pyrophosphoric acid (H₄P₂O₇) and carbon suboxide (C₃O₂).

### Step 4: Identify the Oxide
The oxide formed in this reaction is carbon suboxide, which is represented by the formula C₃O₂.

### Step 5: Determine the Structure of Carbon Suboxide
Carbon suboxide (C₃O₂) has a linear structure. Its structure can be depicted as:
\[ O=C=C=C=O \]

This shows that there are three carbon atoms connected by double bonds, with oxygen atoms at both ends.

### Step 6: Conclusion
The oxide formed from the dehydration of malonic acid with P₄O₁₀ is carbon suboxide (C₃O₂), which has a linear structure.

### Final Answer
The oxide is carbon suboxide (C₃O₂), which is linear.

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