Amongst the following statements, select the set having statements which was porposed by Dalton.
(1) All the atoms of a given element have identical properties including identical mass. Atoms of different elements differ in mass.
(2) When gases combine or reproduced in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume provided all gases are at the same T & P
(3) Chemical reaction involve reorganization of atoms. These are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
(4) Matter consists of indivisible atoms

Options

A. (1), (2), (3)
B. (1), (3), (4)
C. (1), (2), (4)
D. (1), (2), (3), (4)

Answer

To solve the question regarding the statements proposed by Dalton, we will analyze each statement one by one.

### Step 1: Analyze Statement 1
**Statement 1:** "All the atoms of a given element have identical properties including identical mass. Atoms of different elements differ in mass."

- This statement aligns with Dalton's atomic theory, which states that all atoms of a given element are identical in mass and properties, while atoms of different elements have different masses.

**Conclusion:** This statement is proposed by Dalton.

### Step 2: Analyze Statement 2
**Statement 2:** "When gases combine or reproduce in a chemical reaction they do so in a simple ratio by volume provided all gases are at the same T & P."

- This statement refers to the behavior of gases and is more aligned with Avogadro's hypothesis rather than Dalton's atomic theory. Dalton's theory does not specifically address the volume ratios of gases.

**Conclusion:** This statement is NOT proposed by Dalton.

### Step 3: Analyze Statement 3
**Statement 3:** "Chemical reactions involve reorganization of atoms. These are neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction."

- This statement is consistent with Dalton's atomic theory, which states that during a chemical reaction, atoms are rearranged but not created or destroyed.

**Conclusion:** This statement is proposed by Dalton.

### Step 4: Analyze Statement 4
**Statement 4:** "Matter consists of indivisible atoms."

- This statement reflects Dalton's belief that atoms are the fundamental building blocks of matter and cannot be divided further.

**Conclusion:** This statement is proposed by Dalton.

### Final Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- Statements 1, 3, and 4 are proposed by Dalton.
- Statement 2 is not proposed by Dalton.

Thus, the correct answer is **1, 3, and 4**, which corresponds to option **B**.

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