Which of the following are not more basic than `Al(OH)_(3)`?

Options

A. `Ca(OH)_(2), Ce(OH)_(3)`
B. `Yb(OH)_(3), Lu(OH)_(3)`
C. `B(OH)_(3), Be(OH)_(2)`
D. `Ce(OH), Lu(OH)_(3)`

Answer

To determine which of the given hydroxides are not more basic than aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃), we need to analyze the basicity of each compound based on their metallic character and position in the periodic table.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understand Basicity and Metallic Character**:
- Basicity of a hydroxide generally increases with increasing metallic character. As we move down a group in the periodic table, the metallic character increases, leading to increased basicity.

2. **Identify the Compounds**:
- The compounds given are:
- Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
- Cerium hydroxide (Ce(OH)₃)
- Ytterbium hydroxide (Yb(OH)₃)
- Lutetium hydroxide (Lu(OH)₃)
- Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)₂)
- Beryllium hydroxide (Be(OH)₂)

3. **Analyze Each Hydroxide**:
- **Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)**: Calcium is below aluminum in group 2, so it is more basic than Al(OH)₃.
- **Cerium hydroxide (Ce(OH)₃)**: Cerium is a lanthanide and is below aluminum in the periodic table, thus it is more basic than Al(OH)₃.
- **Ytterbium hydroxide (Yb(OH)₃)**: Similar to cerium, ytterbium is also a lanthanide and is more basic than Al(OH)₃.
- **Lutetium hydroxide (Lu(OH)₃)**: Lutetium, being a lanthanide, is also more basic than Al(OH)₃.
- **Barium hydroxide (Ba(OH)₂)**: Barium is in group 2 and is more basic than Al(OH)₃.
- **Beryllium hydroxide (Be(OH)₂)**: Beryllium is in group 2 but is above aluminum in group 13. It has a higher lattice energy compared to hydration energy, resulting in lower solubility and thus lower basicity than Al(OH)₃.

4. **Conclusion**:
- The hydroxides that are **not more basic than Al(OH)₃** are:
- **Beryllium hydroxide (Be(OH)₂)**

### Final Answer:
Beryllium hydroxide (Be(OH)₂) is not more basic than aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃).

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