The reaction between an alcohol and an acid with the elimination of water molecule is called

Options

A. Esterification
B. Saponification
C. Etherification
D. Elimination

Answer

To solve the question "The reaction between an alcohol and an acid with the elimination of a water molecule is called," we will follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the reactants
- The reactants in this reaction are an alcohol (ROH) and an acid (R-COOH).

### Step 2: Understand the reaction process
- When an alcohol reacts with an acid, a water molecule is eliminated. This process involves the formation of an ester.

### Step 3: Write the general reaction
- The general reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{R-OH} + \text{R'-COOH} \rightarrow \text{R'-C(=O)-O-R} + \text{H}_2\text{O} \]
- Here, R' represents the alkyl group from the acid.

### Step 4: Define the reaction
- This reaction is specifically known as **esterification**. It involves the formation of an ester from an alcohol and an acid with the elimination of water.

### Step 5: Differentiate from other reactions
- It is important to differentiate this from other reactions:
- **Saponification**: This is the process of making soap from fats and bases, not relevant here.
- **Etherification**: This refers to the formation of ethers, which is not the case in this reaction.
- **Elimination reactions**: While water is eliminated, the term "elimination" does not specifically describe the formation of esters.

### Conclusion
- Therefore, the correct answer to the question is **esterification**.

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