Which product will be obtained by Grignard reaction, when Formaldehyde reacts with Ethyl magnesium lodide?

Options

A. 2 - Propanol
B. 1 - Propanol
C. Ethanol
D. 2 - Methyl, 2 - Propanol

Answer

To determine the product obtained from the Grignard reaction between formaldehyde and ethyl magnesium iodide, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Reactants
- The reactants are formaldehyde (HCHO) and ethyl magnesium iodide (C2H5MgI).

### Step 2: Understand the Grignard Reaction
- Grignard reagents (R-MgX) react with carbonyl compounds (like aldehydes and ketones) to form alcohols. In this case, the ethyl group (C2H5) from ethyl magnesium iodide will act as the nucleophile.

### Step 3: Determine the Reaction Mechanism
- In the reaction, the ethyl group (C2H5) from ethyl magnesium iodide will attack the carbon atom of the carbonyl group in formaldehyde. The carbon in the carbonyl group has a partial positive charge, making it susceptible to nucleophilic attack.

### Step 4: Write the Reaction
- The nucleophilic attack can be represented as follows:
\[ \text{C2H5MgI} + \text{HCHO} \rightarrow \text{C2H5-CH(OH)-H} \]
- Here, the ethyl group (C2H5) attaches to the carbon of formaldehyde, forming an intermediate.

### Step 5: Hydrolysis of the Intermediate
- After the nucleophilic addition, the reaction mixture is typically subjected to hydrolysis. This step converts the magnesium alkoxide intermediate into an alcohol.
- The hydrolysis can be represented as:
\[ \text{C2H5-CH(OH)-H} + \text{H2O} \rightarrow \text{C2H5-CH(OH)-H} + \text{Mg(OH)I} \]

### Step 6: Identify the Product
- The final product after hydrolysis is 1-propanol (C2H5-CH2OH), which is a three-carbon alcohol with the hydroxyl (-OH) group on the first carbon.

### Final Answer
- The product obtained from the Grignard reaction of formaldehyde with ethyl magnesium iodide is **1-propanol**.

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