Which of. the following set of reagents are used for preparing paracetamol from phenol?

Options

A. `HNO_(3), H_(2)//Pd, (CH_(3)CO)_(2)O`
B. `H_(2)SO_(4), H_(2)//Pd, (CH_(3)CO)_(2)O`
C. `C_(6)H_(5)N_(2)Cl, SnCl_(2)//HCl, (CH_(3)CO)_(2)O`
D. `Br_(2)//H_(2)O, Zn//HCl, (CH_(2)CO)_(2)O`

Answer

To prepare paracetamol from phenol, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Nitration of Phenol
- **Reagent Used**: Concentrated Nitric Acid (HNO3)
- **Reaction**: Phenol (C6H5OH) is treated with concentrated nitric acid. This reaction leads to the nitration of phenol, where a nitro group (NO2) is introduced at the para position of the phenol ring.
- **Product**: Para-nitrophenol (C6H4(NO2)OH).

### Step 2: Reduction of Nitro Group
- **Reagent Used**: Hydrogen in the presence of Palladium (H2/Pd)
- **Reaction**: The para-nitrophenol is then subjected to reduction using hydrogen gas in the presence of palladium catalyst. This reduces the nitro group (NO2) to an amino group (NH2).
- **Product**: Para-aminophenol (C6H4(NH2)OH).

### Step 3: Acetylation of Para-Aminophenol
- **Reagent Used**: Acetic Anhydride (C4H6O3)
- **Reaction**: Para-aminophenol reacts with acetic anhydride. The amino group (NH2) acts as a nucleophile and attacks the carbonyl carbon of acetic anhydride, leading to the formation of an acetamide.
- **Product**: Paracetamol (C8H9NO2).

### Final Product
- The final product of this series of reactions is paracetamol, which is also known as acetaminophen.

### Summary of Reagents Used:
1. HNO3 (for nitration)
2. H2/Pd (for reduction)
3. Acetic Anhydride (for acetylation)

### Conclusion
The correct set of reagents to prepare paracetamol from phenol is:
- **Answer**: Option A (HNO3, H2/Pd, Acetic Anhydride).

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