Identify A and B in the reaction given below
Ethane nitrile `underset(aq." "H_(2)SO_(4)+2H_(2)O-NH_(3))overset("Hydrolysi")toA underset("Soda lime "Delta-CO_(2))overset("Decarboxylation")toB`

Options

A. Ethanoic acid, Methane
B. Ethanoic acid, Ethane
C. Acetone, Methane
D. Acetic acid, Methanol

Answer

To solve the problem, we need to identify the compounds A and B in the given reaction sequence involving ethane nitrile.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the starting compound**:
The starting compound is ethane nitrile, which has the chemical formula CH3C≡N. This compound consists of a carbon chain with a cyano (nitrile) group.

2. **Hydrolysis of ethane nitrile**:
When ethane nitrile undergoes hydrolysis in the presence of aqueous sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and water (H2O), it converts into an acid. The reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{C}\equiv\text{N} + 2 \text{H}_2\text{O} \xrightarrow{\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4} \text{CH}_3\text{C(OH)}(\text{COOH}) + \text{NH}_3 \]
Here, the nitrile group (C≡N) is converted into a carboxylic acid group (COOH) along with the formation of ammonia (NH3) as a byproduct. The resulting compound A is ethanoic acid (acetic acid), which has the formula CH3COOH.

3. **Decarboxylation of ethanoic acid**:
The next step involves the decarboxylation of ethanoic acid using soda lime (a mixture of sodium hydroxide and calcium oxide) under heat (Δ). The reaction can be represented as:
\[ \text{CH}_3\text{COOH} \xrightarrow{\text{soda lime}, \Delta} \text{CH}_4 + \text{CO}_2 \]
In this reaction, the carboxyl group (COOH) is removed as carbon dioxide (CO2), resulting in the formation of methane (CH4). Therefore, the compound B is methane.

### Final Answer:
- A = Ethanoic acid (CH3COOH)
- B = Methane (CH4)