Chlorination of benzene in the presence of halogen carrier is an exampole of :

Options

A. Aromatic electrophilic substitution
B. Aromatic nucleophilic substitution
C. Aromatic electrolphilic addition
D. Aromatic nucleophilic addition

Answer

To solve the question regarding the chlorination of benzene in the presence of a halogen carrier, we need to analyze the process and identify the type of reaction it represents. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown:

### Step 1: Understand the Reaction
Chlorination of benzene involves the substitution of one hydrogen atom in the benzene ring with a chlorine atom. This process requires a halogen carrier, such as AlCl3, to facilitate the reaction.

**Hint:** Identify the reactants and products involved in the chlorination of benzene.

### Step 2: Mechanism of the Reaction
The mechanism of chlorination of benzene is known as electrophilic aromatic substitution. In this mechanism:
- The benzene ring acts as a nucleophile and attacks the electrophile (Cl+).
- The halogen carrier (AlCl3) helps generate the electrophile from chlorine gas (Cl2).

**Hint:** Recall the role of the halogen carrier in generating the electrophile.

### Step 3: Formation of the Electrophile
When benzene reacts with chlorine in the presence of AlCl3, the AlCl3 interacts with Cl2 to form the electrophile Cl+. This electrophile is then able to attack the benzene ring.

**Hint:** Focus on how the electrophile is generated and its interaction with the benzene ring.

### Step 4: Substitution Reaction
The electrophile (Cl+) attacks the benzene ring, resulting in the formation of a sigma complex (also known as an arenium ion). This intermediate is unstable and quickly loses a proton (H+) to restore the aromaticity of the benzene ring.

**Hint:** Understand the significance of restoring aromaticity in the reaction.

### Step 5: Final Products
After the loss of the proton, the final products of the reaction are chlorobenzene and hydrogen chloride (HCl). The halogen carrier (AlCl3) is also regenerated in the process.

**Hint:** Identify the final products formed from the reaction.

### Conclusion
The chlorination of benzene in the presence of a halogen carrier is an example of an **Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution** reaction.

**Final Answer:** Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution