The correct order of increasing hydration energy of the following conjugate bases of oxoacids of chlorine is

Options

A. `ClO_(4)^(-) lt ClO_3^(-) lt ClO_2^(-) lt ClO^-`
B. `ClO^(-) lt ClO_2^(-) lt ClO_3^(-) lt ClO_4^(-)`
C. `ClO_3^(-) lt ClO_4^(-) lt ClO_2^(-) lt ClO^(-)`
D. `ClO_4^(-) lt ClO_3^(-) lt ClO^(-) lt ClO_2^(-)`

Answer

To determine the correct order of increasing hydration energy of the conjugate bases of oxoacids of chlorine, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Identify the Conjugate Bases
The conjugate bases of the oxoacids of chlorine given are:
- ClO⁻ (hypochlorite)
- ClO₂⁻ (chlorite)
- ClO₃⁻ (chlorate)
- ClO₄⁻ (perchlorate)

### Step 2: Understand Hydration Energy
Hydration energy refers to the energy released when ions are surrounded by water molecules. It is inversely proportional to the size of the ion; smaller ions have higher hydration energies because they can interact more strongly with water molecules.

### Step 3: Determine the Oxidation States
The oxidation states of chlorine in the given conjugate bases are:
- ClO⁻: +1
- ClO₂⁻: +3
- ClO₃⁻: +5
- ClO₄⁻: +7

### Step 4: Analyze the Size of Ions
As the oxidation state of chlorine increases, the size of the conjugate base decreases. This is because higher oxidation states lead to a greater positive charge, which pulls the electrons closer to the nucleus, resulting in a smaller ionic size. Therefore, we can rank the sizes of the ions:
- ClO⁻ (largest)
- ClO₂⁻
- ClO₃⁻
- ClO₄⁻ (smallest)

### Step 5: Relate Size to Hydration Energy
Since hydration energy is inversely proportional to the size of the ion, we can conclude:
- ClO⁻ will have the lowest hydration energy (largest size)
- ClO₂⁻ will have a higher hydration energy than ClO⁻
- ClO₃⁻ will have higher hydration energy than ClO₂⁻
- ClO₄⁻ will have the highest hydration energy (smallest size)

### Step 6: Write the Order of Increasing Hydration Energy
Based on the analysis, the order of increasing hydration energy is:
ClO⁻ < ClO₂⁻ < ClO₃⁻ < ClO₄⁻

### Final Answer
The correct order of increasing hydration energy of the given conjugate bases is:
**ClO⁻ < ClO₂⁻ < ClO₃⁻ < ClO₄⁻**