Choose the incorrect statement from the following

Options

A. Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth
B. Plants capture 2 - 10% of PAR
C. Ecosystems follow the 2nd law of thermodynamics
D. In a terrestrial ecosystem major producers are herbaceous and woody plants

Answer

To solve the question of identifying the incorrect statement regarding ecosystems, we will analyze each option provided.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Question**: The question asks us to choose the incorrect statement about ecosystems. We need to evaluate each option carefully.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A**: "Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth."
- **Evaluation**: This statement is incorrect. While the sun is the primary energy source for most ecosystems, deep-sea hydrothermal ecosystems rely on hydrogen sulfide as their energy source through chemosynthesis.

- **Option B**: "Plants capture 2 to 10 percent of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)."
- **Evaluation**: This statement is correct. Plants do capture approximately 2 to 10% of the PAR, which is the part of sunlight that plants use for photosynthesis.

- **Option C**: "Ecosystem follows the second law of thermodynamics."
- **Evaluation**: This statement is correct. Ecosystems do follow the second law of thermodynamics, which states that energy transformations are not 100% efficient, and some energy is lost as heat. Energy flow in ecosystems is unidirectional.

- **Option D**: "In a terrestrial ecosystem, major producers are herbaceous and woody plants."
- **Evaluation**: This statement is correct. Herbaceous (non-woody) and woody plants (trees and shrubs) are indeed the major producers in terrestrial ecosystems.

3. **Conclusion**: After evaluating all options, the incorrect statement is **Option A**: "Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth."

### Final Answer:
The incorrect statement is: **"Sun is the only source of energy for every single ecosystem on earth."**

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