The hormones A and B secreted by Islet of Langerhans cause hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, respectively

Options

A. A : insulin, B : glucagon
B. A : somtatostain , B : insulin
C. A : glucogon, B : insulin
D. A : insulin B: somatostatin

Answer

To solve the question regarding the hormones secreted by the Islets of Langerhans that cause hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, we can follow these steps:

### Step 1: Understand the Terms
- **Hyperglycemia**: This condition refers to high blood glucose levels.
- **Hypoglycemia**: This condition refers to low blood glucose levels.

### Step 2: Identify the Hormones
The hormones secreted by the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas include:
1. **Insulin**: Lowers blood glucose levels.
2. **Glucagon**: Raises blood glucose levels.
3. **Somatostatin**: Regulates the secretion of other hormones and also lowers blood glucose levels.

### Step 3: Determine the Functions of Each Hormone
- **Insulin**: When blood glucose levels are high, insulin is secreted to help lower them by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells.
- **Glucagon**: When blood glucose levels are low, glucagon is secreted to increase blood glucose levels by promoting the conversion of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
- **Somatostatin**: It inhibits the secretion of both insulin and glucagon, thus playing a role in regulating the overall glucose levels.

### Step 4: Match Hormones with Conditions
- **Hyperglycemia**: This condition is caused by glucagon, which increases blood glucose levels.
- **Hypoglycemia**: This condition is caused by insulin (which lowers blood glucose levels) or somatostatin (which also lowers glucose levels but is not primarily responsible for hypoglycemia).

### Step 5: Analyze the Options
Now, let’s analyze the provided options:
1. A is insulin, B is glucagon (Incorrect)
2. A is somatostatin, B is insulin (Incorrect)
3. A is glucagon, B is insulin (Correct)
4. A is insulin, B is somatostatin (Incorrect)

### Conclusion
The correct answer is **Option 3: A is glucagon and B is insulin**.