Read the below Statements about the structure of genetic material and identify the correct ones.
I. Adenine and guanine are bases that have a double ring structure , cytosine, thymine and uracil are based with a single ring structure .
II. An adenine nucleotide from DNA is the same as an adenine nucleotide from RNA , DNA adenine pairs with uracil and RNA adenine pairs with thymine.
III. The base pairing that occurs in a double DNA helix and when RNA is synthesised during transcription follows the rule that a purine pairs with a pyrimidine.
IV. The two Polynucleotides on a DNA molecule run in opposite directions so that the double helix formed has two strands that are anti-parallel to each other.

Options

A. I, II and III only
B. I, II and IV only
C. II, III and IV only
D. I, III and IV only

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze each statement about the structure of genetic material and determine which ones are correct.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Analyze Statement I:**
- **Statement:** "Adenine and guanine are bases that have a double ring structure, cytosine, thymine, and uracil are bases with a single ring structure."
- **Analysis:**
- Adenine and guanine are indeed purines, which have a double ring structure.
- Cytosine, thymine, and uracil are pyrimidines, which have a single ring structure.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

2. **Analyze Statement II:**
- **Statement:** "An adenine nucleotide from DNA is the same as an adenine nucleotide from RNA; DNA adenine pairs with uracil and RNA adenine pairs with thymine."
- **Analysis:**
- An adenine nucleotide in DNA and RNA is the same in terms of the base, but the pairing is incorrect. In DNA, adenine pairs with thymine, and in RNA, adenine pairs with uracil.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **incorrect**.

3. **Analyze Statement III:**
- **Statement:** "The base pairing that occurs in a double DNA helix and when RNA is synthesized during transcription follows the rule that a purine pairs with a pyrimidine."
- **Analysis:**
- This is true as adenine (purine) pairs with thymine (pyrimidine) in DNA and with uracil (pyrimidine) in RNA. Cytosine (pyrimidine) pairs with guanine (purine).
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

4. **Analyze Statement IV:**
- **Statement:** "The two polynucleotides on a DNA molecule run in opposite directions so that the double helix formed has two strands that are anti-parallel to each other."
- **Analysis:**
- This is true; the two strands of DNA run in opposite directions (5' to 3' and 3' to 5'), making them anti-parallel.
- **Conclusion:** This statement is **correct**.

### Final Evaluation:
- **Correct Statements:** I, III, and IV.
- **Incorrect Statement:** II.

### Answer:
The correct statements are I, III, and IV.

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