The hormones which increase alertness ,pupillary dilation , piloerection and sweating are

Options

A. Peptide hormones
B. Steroid hormones
C. lodothyronine
D. Amino acid derivatives

Answer

To solve the question regarding the hormones that increase alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection, and sweating, we can follow these steps:

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the Functions Described**:
- The question mentions several physiological responses: alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection (goosebumps), and sweating. These responses are typically associated with the body's fight-or-flight response.

2. **Determine the Hormone Responsible**:
- The hormone primarily responsible for the fight-or-flight response is adrenaline, also known as epinephrine. This hormone is released by the adrenal glands during stressful situations.

3. **Classify the Hormone**:
- Adrenaline (epinephrine) is classified as an amino acid derivative. It is synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine.

4. **Evaluate the Other Options**:
- **Peptide Hormones**: These are made up of chains of amino acids (e.g., oxytocin, ADH) and do not primarily induce the responses mentioned.
- **Steroid Hormones**: These are derived from cholesterol (e.g., testosterone, aldosterone) and are not responsible for the acute responses listed.
- **Thyronine**: This is a type of amino acid derivative but is not responsible for the acute stress responses mentioned.

5. **Conclude the Correct Answer**:
- Based on the analysis, the correct answer is that the hormones responsible for increasing alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection, and sweating are classified as amino acid derivatives.

### Final Answer:
The hormones which increase alertness, pupillary dilation, piloerection, and sweating are amino acid derivatives (specifically adrenaline/epinephrine).

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