In how many of the following , primary succession will occur ?
( Abandoned farmland , newly created pond , bare rock burnt forest )

Options

A. Newly created ponds , bare rock , bandoned farmlands and burnt forests
B. Newly created ponds and bare rock
C. Abandoned farmlands , bare rocks and burnt forests
D. Bare rocks

Answer

To determine in how many of the given ecosystems primary succession will occur, we need to analyze each ecosystem based on the definitions of primary and secondary succession.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding Succession**:
- Succession is a series of progressive changes in the species composition of a community over time. There are two main types of succession:
- **Primary Succession**: This occurs in an area where no soil exists, and organisms are colonizing for the first time (e.g., bare rock, newly formed land).
- **Secondary Succession**: This occurs in areas where a disturbance has happened, but soil and some organisms still exist (e.g., abandoned farmland, previously occupied ecosystems).

2. **Analyzing the Ecosystems**:
- **Abandoned Farmland**:
- This area was previously occupied by crops and other organisms. After abandonment, it will undergo recolonization. Therefore, this is an example of **secondary succession**.

- **Newly Created Pond**:
- A newly created pond has no pre-existing organisms or soil, making it an area where life can colonize for the first time. Thus, this is an example of **primary succession**.

- **Bare Rock Burnt Forest**:
- A burnt forest that has been stripped of its vegetation and soil will also be an area where life can begin to colonize anew. This is another example of **primary succession**.

3. **Conclusion**:
- From the analysis:
- **Primary Succession** occurs in:
- Newly created pond
- Bare rock burnt forest
- **Secondary Succession** occurs in:
- Abandoned farmland
- Therefore, primary succession occurs in **2 ecosystems**: the newly created pond and the bare rock burnt forest.

### Final Answer:
Primary succession will occur in **2 ecosystems**.

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