Reena gave birth to a mentally retarded child who also had stunted growth . The doctor informed that the child's condition was because of some endocrine problem in the mother during pregnancy . Which of the following is most likely to be the cause ?

Options

A. Low GH from Pituitary gland
B. Excessive Glucocorticoids from adrenal glands
C. Low secretion of parathyroid hormone
D. Low secretion of thyroid hormones from thyroid gland

Answer

To solve the question regarding the cause of Reena's child's condition, we need to analyze the options provided and understand the role of each hormone mentioned in relation to growth and mental development.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Understanding the Problem**:
- Reena gave birth to a child with mental retardation and stunted growth.
- The doctor indicated that this condition was due to an endocrine problem in the mother during pregnancy.

2. **Analyzing the Options**:
- **Option A: Low growth hormone from the pituitary gland**:
- Growth hormone primarily influences growth during adolescence and does not significantly affect cognitive development. Therefore, while low growth hormone can cause stunted growth, it is not likely to cause mental retardation. **(Incorrect)**

- **Option B: Excessive glucocorticoids from the adrenal gland**:
- Glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, are involved in metabolism and inflammation regulation but do not play a direct role in physical or mental growth. Thus, excessive glucocorticoids are unlikely to cause the symptoms described. **(Incorrect)**

- **Option C: Low secretion of parathyroid hormone**:
- Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium levels in the body. While calcium is important for various bodily functions, low levels of parathyroid hormone do not directly relate to mental or physical growth issues. **(Incorrect)**

- **Option D: Low secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland**:
- Thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) are crucial for metabolism and growth. Hyposecretion of these hormones during pregnancy can lead to both stunted growth and mental retardation in the child due to their role in brain development and overall growth. **(Correct)**

3. **Conclusion**:
- The most likely cause of the child's condition is **low secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland** (Option D).

### Final Answer:
**D: Low secretion of thyroid hormones from the thyroid gland.**