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Ramesh's grandfather falls ill repeatedl...

Ramesh's grandfather falls ill repeatedly due to infections. The doctor says it's because his immunity is lowered owing to his old age. Which of the following is likely to be affected ?

A

Thyroid gland

B

Pituitary gland

C

Adrenals

D

Thymus

Text Solution

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The correct Answer is:
To solve the question regarding Ramesh's grandfather's repeated infections due to lowered immunity, we need to analyze the options provided and identify which organ is most likely affected by aging. ### Step-by-Step Solution: 1. **Understanding the Problem**: Ramesh's grandfather is experiencing repeated infections due to lowered immunity, which is attributed to his old age. We need to identify which organ is likely affected in this scenario. 2. **Analyzing the Options**: The options provided are: - A) Thyroid gland - B) Pituitary gland - C) Adrenals - D) Thymus 3. **Evaluating the Endocrine Glands**: - **Thyroid Gland**: This gland secretes thyroxine, which regulates metabolism but does not have a direct role in immunity. - **Pituitary Gland**: This gland releases various hormones that control other endocrine glands but is not directly involved in immune function. - **Adrenals**: These glands produce hormones like cortisol, which can influence immune response but are not primarily responsible for immunity. 4. **Focusing on the Thymus**: - The thymus is a primary lymphoid organ responsible for the production and maturation of lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell crucial for the immune response). - The thymus releases thymosine, which is important for the development of T-cells, a key component of the immune system. 5. **Impact of Aging on the Thymus**: - As individuals age, the thymus undergoes atrophy (decreases in size), leading to a reduction in the production of lymphocytes. - This reduction in lymphocyte production directly correlates with a weakened immune system, making older individuals more susceptible to infections. 6. **Conclusion**: Given that the thymus is directly involved in the immune response and its function declines with age, the organ most likely affected in Ramesh's grandfather is the **thymus** (Option D). ### Final Answer: **D) Thymus**
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