The atrium and ventricle of the same side is separated by

Options

A. atrioventricular valves
B. atrioventricular septum
C. both (a) and (b)
D. tricuspid valves

Answer

To solve the question "The atrium and ventricle of the same side is separated by", we need to analyze the structures of the heart and understand the terminology related to it. Here’s a step-by-step breakdown of the solution:

### Step 1: Understand the Heart Structure
The heart consists of four chambers: two upper chambers called atria (or auricles) and two lower chambers called ventricles. The right atrium and right ventricle are on one side, while the left atrium and left ventricle are on the other side.

**Hint:** Remember that the heart has four chambers: two atria and two ventricles.

### Step 2: Identify the Separation Between Chambers
The atrium and ventricle of the same side (right or left) are separated by structures that control blood flow. The main structures involved here are the atrioventricular (AV) valves.

**Hint:** Focus on the function of valves in the heart and their role in blood flow.

### Step 3: Recognize the Types of Valves
There are two main atrioventricular valves:
- **Tricuspid Valve**: Separates the right atrium from the right ventricle.
- **Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve**: Separates the left atrium from the left ventricle.

**Hint:** Recall the specific names of the valves associated with each side of the heart.

### Step 4: Atrioventricular Septum
In addition to the valves, there is also a muscular wall called the atrioventricular septum that separates the atria from the ventricles. This septum is important for maintaining the structural integrity of the heart.

**Hint:** Consider the physical barriers in the heart that prevent mixing of blood.

### Step 5: Conclusion
Both the atrioventricular valves and the atrioventricular septum serve to separate the atria and ventricles on the same side of the heart. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is that the atrium and ventricle of the same side are separated by the atrioventricular valves and the atrioventricular septum.

**Final Answer:** The atrium and ventricle of the same side are separated by the atrioventricular valves (such as the tricuspid and bicuspid valves) and the atrioventricular septum.

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