Match the organism with its related contribution in the field of biotechnology.
`{:(,"Column-I",,"Column-II"),(1,"Escherichia coli",I,1^(st)rDNA),(2,"Agrobacterium tumefaciens",II,pBR322),(3,"Thermus aquaticus",III,"Ti plasmid"),(4,"Salmonella typhimurium",IV,"Polymerase used in PCR"):}`

Options

A. 1 - I , 2 - III , 3 - II , 4 - IV
B. 1 - II, 2 - III , 3 - IV , 4 - I
C. 1 - III , 2 - IV , 3-IV , 4 - I
D. 1 - II , 2 - I , 3 - IV , 4 - III

Answer

To solve the question of matching organisms with their contributions in biotechnology, we will analyze each organism in Column-I and identify the correct contribution from Column-II.

### Step-by-Step Solution:

1. **Identify the first organism: Escherichia coli (E. coli)**
- E. coli is a prokaryotic bacterium widely used in biotechnology.
- It is known for being a host for cloning vectors and is associated with the plasmid pBR322, which is one of the first recombinant DNA molecules.
- **Match:** E. coli → pBR322 (Option II)

2. **Identify the second organism: Agrobacterium tumefaciens**
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacterium that causes tumors in plants.
- It is known for its Ti plasmid (Tumor-inducing plasmid), which is used as a vector for gene transfer in plants.
- **Match:** Agrobacterium tumefaciens → Ti plasmid (Option III)

3. **Identify the third organism: Thermus aquaticus**
- Thermus aquaticus is a thermophilic bacterium that thrives at high temperatures.
- It is the source of Taq polymerase, an enzyme used in the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) technique.
- **Match:** Thermus aquaticus → Polymerase used in PCR (Option IV)

4. **Identify the fourth organism: Salmonella typhimurium**
- Salmonella typhimurium is a bacterium that was involved in the development of the first recombinant DNA (rDNA) by scientists Cohen and Boyer.
- **Match:** Salmonella typhimurium → 1st rDNA (Option I)

### Final Matches:
- 1. Escherichia coli → II (pBR322)
- 2. Agrobacterium tumefaciens → III (Ti plasmid)
- 3. Thermus aquaticus → IV (Polymerase used in PCR)
- 4. Salmonella typhimurium → I (1st rDNA)

### Summary of Matches:
- E. coli → pBR322 (II)
- Agrobacterium tumefaciens → Ti plasmid (III)
- Thermus aquaticus → Polymerase used in PCR (IV)
- Salmonella typhimurium → 1st rDNA (I)