Identify the correct match .
1. Stratification : Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels .
2. Secondary productivity : Amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plant during photosynthesis .
3. Primary productivity : Rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers .
4 Decomposition : Break down complex organic matter into inorganic substances like carbon dioxide , water and nutrients

Options

A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1 and 4
D. 2 and 3

Answer

To solve the question, we need to analyze each of the statements and determine which ones are correct matches. Let's go through each option step by step:

### Step 1: Analyze Stratification
- **Statement**: Stratification refers to the vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels.
- **Analysis**: This statement is correct. Stratification is indeed the layering of different species in an ecosystem, such as trees, shrubs, and ground cover in a forest.

### Step 2: Analyze Secondary Productivity
- **Statement**: Secondary productivity is the amount of biomass or organic matter produced per unit area over a time period by plants during photosynthesis.
- **Analysis**: This statement is incorrect. Secondary productivity refers to the biomass produced by primary consumers (herbivores) from the organic matter they consume, not by plants.

### Step 3: Analyze Primary Productivity
- **Statement**: Primary productivity is the rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers.
- **Analysis**: This statement is also incorrect. Primary productivity refers to the rate at which plants (primary producers) convert sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesis, not the rate of formation by consumers.

### Step 4: Analyze Decomposition
- **Statement**: Decomposition is the breakdown of complex organic matter into inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients.
- **Analysis**: This statement is correct. Decomposition is the process by which organic materials are broken down into simpler substances, returning nutrients to the ecosystem.

### Conclusion
Based on the analysis:
- **Correct Matches**:
- Statement 1 (Stratification) is correct.
- Statement 4 (Decomposition) is correct.
- **Incorrect Matches**:
- Statement 2 (Secondary productivity) is incorrect.
- Statement 3 (Primary productivity) is incorrect.

Thus, the correct answer is that statements 1 and 4 are the correct matches.

### Final Answer
The correct matches are:
1. Stratification : Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels.
4. Decomposition : Break down complex organic matter into inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water, and nutrients.